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YIELD Function (LibreOffice Calc)

Financial Advanced LibreOffice Calc Introduction not established

The YIELD function returns the annual yield of a coupon-paying security based on settlement date, maturity date, coupon rate, price, redemption value, coupon frequency, and day-count basis. It is essential for bond valuation and fixed-income analytics.

Verification status: Consult the documentation, examples and any stated test scope below. How formula examples are checked

Availability and version history

  • Introduced: Documented by LibreOffice 26.8.1.1; original introduction not established.
  • Availability: Supported in LibreOffice 26.8.1.1, verified against its function registry. This identifies a supported release, not a final working version.
  • Scope: Desktop Calc, using the English function name. Availability in other spreadsheet applications is separate.
  • Checked: 2026-10-14 — function reference; versioned support. Documentation/source check; not a new native test. Existing example-specific test claims below retain their stated scope.
The **YIELD** function calculates the **annual yield to maturity** of a coupon-paying bond based on its price. It is the inverse of the PRICE function and is essential for fixed-income valuation, trading, and portfolio analytics.

What the YIELD Function Does

  • Computes yield to maturity (YTM)
  • Uses coupon frequency (annual, semiannual, quarterly)
  • Supports multiple day‑count basis systems
  • Works with real dates, serial numbers, and DATEVALUE
  • Fully compatible with Excel’s YIELD function

It is designed to be precise, finance‑grade, and essential for fixed‑income analytics.

Syntax

YIELD(settlement; maturity; rate; price; redemption; frequency; [basis])

Arguments

  • settlement:
    The date the security is traded to the buyer.

  • maturity:
    The date the security matures.

  • rate:
    Annual coupon rate (e.g., 0.05 for 5%).

  • price:
    Price per 100 face value (clean price).

  • redemption:
    Redemption value per 100 face value (usually 100).

  • frequency:
    Number of coupon payments per year:

    • 1 = annual
    • 2 = semiannual
    • 4 = quarterly

  • basis (optional):
    Day-count convention:

basis Day-count convention
0 US 30/360
1 Actual/Actual
2 Actual/360
3 Actual/365
4 European 30/360

Basic Examples

Yield of a semiannual coupon bond

=YIELD("2024-03-15"; "2029-03-15"; 0.05; 98.5; 100; 2)

Using Actual/Actual

=YIELD(A1; A2; 0.04; 101.2; 100; 2; 1)

Using text dates

=YIELD(DATEVALUE(A1); DATEVALUE(A2); Rate; Price; 100; 2)

Advanced Examples

Quarterly coupon bond

=YIELD("2024-02-10"; "2027-02-10"; 0.06; 99.75; 100; 4)

From imported CSV timestamps

=YIELD(DATEVALUE(LEFT(A1;10)); DATEVALUE(LEFT(A2;10)); Rate; Price; Redemption; Freq)

From Excel serial dates stored as text

=YIELD(DATE(1899;12;30)+VALUE(A1); DATE(1899;12;30)+VALUE(A2); Rate; Price; Redemption; Freq)

Compute price from yield (inverse)

=PRICE(Settlement; Maturity; Rate; Yield; Redemption; Freq; Basis)

Compute yield spread vs benchmark

=YIELD(A1;A2;Rate;Price;100;2) - BenchmarkYield

Compute yield of a premium bond

=YIELD(A1;A2;0.07;105;100;2)

Compute yield of a discount bond

=YIELD(A1;A2;0.03;95;100;2)

Edge Cases and Behavior Details

YIELD returns a numeric value (annual yield)

Accepts:

  • Real dates
  • Serial numbers
  • DATEVALUE outputs

Invalid text → Err:502

Behavior details

  • Settlement < Maturity must hold
  • Frequency must be 1, 2, or 4
  • Basis must be 0–4
  • Uses clean price (excludes accrued interest)
  • Coupon schedule is calculated backward from maturity
  • Time components ignored
  • Uses iterative numerical methods internally

YIELD of an error → error propagates

Common Errors and Fixes

Err:502 — Invalid argument

Cause:

  • Dates not recognized
  • Frequency not 1, 2, or 4
  • Basis outside 0–4

Fix:

  • Wrap dates with DATEVALUE
  • Validate frequency and basis

Err:504 — Invalid date sequence

Cause:

  • Settlement after maturity

Fix:

  • Correct date order

Yield seems incorrect

Cause:

  • Wrong price (dirty vs clean)
  • Wrong coupon rate
  • Incorrect basis
  • Incorrect redemption value

Fix:

  • Verify inputs carefully
  • Confirm day-count convention
  • Ensure price is clean price

Best Practices

  • Use Actual/Actual (basis 1) for government bonds
  • Use 30/360 for corporate bonds
  • Normalize text dates with DATEVALUE
  • Validate coupon frequency carefully
  • Use YIELD with PRICE to build full valuation models
  • Use COUP* functions to debug coupon schedules
YIELD is your yield‑to‑maturity engine — essential for valuation, trading, and any professional fixed‑income model.
  • Use PRICE to compute price from yield
  • Use ACCRINT to compute accrued interest
  • Use COUPDAYS, COUPDAYSNC, COUPNUM, COUPPCD, COUPNCD for coupon schedule logic
  • Use YEARFRAC for fractional year calculations

By mastering YIELD and its companion functions, you can build powerful, accurate, and fully professional fixed‑income valuation models in LibreOffice Calc.